A Study of Exodus

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Exodus 1

ByJim Crews

 

This is the second book given to Moses by the Holy Spirit to record for us. Exodus means to go out, or to depart. This book details the departure of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt. It covers the years from the death of Joseph to the erection of the Tabernacle in the wilderness of Sinai. Moses wrote Exodus around 1706 BC.

 

Exodus 1:1-7

The eleven sons of Jacob went with him into the land of Egypt. Joseph, the twelfth, was already in Egypt. Seventy people went with Jacob to Egypt. Joseph’s generation died, but the Israelites grew in number and strength with each ensuing generation.

 

Exodus 1:8-16

A Pharaoh arose who did not know Joseph or Jacob. He was frightened by the numbers and strength of the Israelites, thinking they might join with his enemies should Egypt ever be attacked. He enslaved the Israelites and put them to work building many great things in Egypt.

 

Exodus 1:15-22

Pharaoh decreed to the Hebrew midwives that they were to kill all males born, and let females live. The midwives obeyed God, rather than Pharaoh, and did not carry out his decree. When they were confronted with their disobedience, the midwives made the excuse that the Hebrew women hid and had their children without their aid. God dealt well with the midwives for their faith in Him. The Israelites continued to multiply and grow strong. God rewarded the midwives with children of their own. Pharaoh then commanded all the people that when a male Hebrew was born, he should be cast into the Nile, but female Hebrews could live.

 

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Exodus 2

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 2: 1 - 10

A Levite man married a Levite woman and they had a son. Male Hebrews were to be killed. She hid her son away for 3 months. When she could no longer hide him, she made a basket of bulrushes and placed it in the reeds by the Nile. His sister waited to see what would happen. The daughter of Pharaoh came to bathe in the Nile. While she was bathing, her servants were walking around. She saw the basket and sent her servant to get it. When she opened it, she saw the baby crying. She knew it was a Hebrew child and took pity on him. She sent her servant to get a Hebrew woman to nurse the child. The servant happened to choose the child’s biological mother for his nurse. When the child got older, the nurse brought him to Pharaoh’s daughter, who took him in as her son and named him Moses, because she had brought him out of the water.

 

Exodus 2: 11 - 15

When Moses had grown to adulthood, he was riding among the Hebrews one day and saw an Egyptian beating one of them. He killed the Egyptian after checking to make sure there were no witnesses. He must have missed someone, because the next day, he saw two Hebrews struggling together and intervened. They asked him if he were going to kill them like he had killed the Egyptian the previous day.

Moses was afraid. When Pharaoh heard of it, he sought to kill Moses. Moses fled from Egypt to Midian, where he sat down by a well.

 

Exodus 2: 16 - 22

The priest of Midian had 7 daughters. They came to draw water to give to their father’s flock. They were being hassled by male shepherds. Moses protected them from the men and allowed them to water their father’s flock. When they got home early, their father, Reuel, asked them how they were finished so early this day. They told him an Egyptian helped them with the watering and protected them from the male shepherds. Reuel asked why they had left the man at the well. He told them to call him in to dine. Moses lived with him, and married Zipporah, his daughter. She gave birth to his son Gershom, so named because of Moses sojourn in a foreign land.

 

Exodus 2: 23 - 25

During Moses stay in Midian, the Pharaoh in power died, and the Hebrews moaned and groaned because of their enslavement to the Egyptians. Their cries were heard by God, who remembered His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. He knew the time had come to begin making the Hebrews into a great nation.

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Exodus 3

 

Exodus 3: 1 - 6

Moses was keeping the sheep of Jethro near Mount Horeb, known as the Mountain of God. The Angel of the Lord appeared to Moses in a flame from a bush. Moses saw that the bush was burning, but not being consumed, and he decided to go see it for himself. God told Moses to remove his sandals, because this was holy ground. He told Moses He is the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Moses hid his face because he was afraid to look at God.

 

Exodus 3: 7 - 12

God told Moses He had heard the cry of His people and came down to check on them. He had seen the oppression they were suffering at the hand of the Egyptians and had come to deliver them from that and take them to the land He had promised Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. God was going to send Moses to deliver His people out of Egypt. Moses came up with some excuses as to why he shouldn’t be the one God chose to do this. First, he claimed that he was nobody. God told him that He would be with Moses, and when Moses had brought the people out of Egypt, he should bring them to Mt. Horeb to worship Him.

 

Exodus 3: 13 - 22

Moses told God that the people would ask him Who had sent him. God told Moses His name is  I AM WHO I AM. Moses was to tell the people I AM had sent him. The God of their fathers Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob had sent him. This is the name of God, and should be remembered. Moses was to speak to the elders of the people and tell them that God had heard their cries, seen their oppression, and had sent Moses to deliver them from the Egyptians and lead them to the land promised to Abraham. They would listen to Moses, and he and the elders were to go to Pharaoh and ask to be allowed to go three days journey into the wilderness to worship. God also told Moses that Pharaoh would not let His people go unless He struck him with a mighty hand. God was going to stretch out His hand and strike Egypt with such wonders as had never been seen before. After these, Pharaoh would let the people go. God would give the people favor in the eyes of the Egyptians, and when they left, they would not leave empty handed. When they left, they would plunder Egypt.

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Exodus 4

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 4: 1 - 9

Moses then finds another excuse. He asks God what happens if they don’t believe him or refuse to listen to him. God showed Moses how he could demonstrate the fact that he had been sent by Him. He told Moses to cast his staff on the ground. God turned it into a serpent, and when Moses picked it up by the tail it turned back into a staff. God then told Moses to put his hand inside his cloak. Moses did, and when he withdrew it, his hand was leprous. God told him to put it back in his cloak. When he did, the hand was healed. God told Moses that most would listen and believe after these two signs, but if some were stubborn, Moses was to take some water from the Nile and pour it on the ground. The water on the ground would turn to blood. This shows us that God always backs up His Word with signs and wonders to show that it is from Him.

 

Exodus. 4: 10 - 17

Moses then comes up with the excuse that he is not an eloquent speaker. God told Moses that He would give to him what to speak and guide him in speaking it. Moses then begged God to send someone else. God was angered with Moses’ attitude, and told him that Aaron his brother would meet him and do the talking. Moses would do the signs and wonders.

 

Exodus 4: 18 - 20

Moses then went back to Jethro and told him that he was heading back to Egypt. Jethro wished him well in his travels. God told Moses that all the men who had been trying to have him killed are now dead. Moses took his family and went back to Egypt. He carried the staff of God with him.

 

Exodus 4: 21 - 23

God told Moses that when he got to Egypt, he was to do all the miracles and wonders before Pharaoh that God had allowed him to be able to do. Despite these, the heart of Pharaoh would be hardened and he would refuse to let the children of Israel go. Moses was then to warn Pharaoh that the cost of his stubbornness would be the death of his firstborn son.

 

Exodus 4: 24 - 26

At a lodging place along the way, the Lord sought to put Moses to death, but Zipporah circumcised his son and put the blood on Moses’ feet.

 

Exodus 4: 27 - 31

God sent Aaron into the wilderness to meet Moses. They met at the mountain of God. Moses told Aaron all that God had sent him to do. Moses and Aaron then met the elders and told them, demonstrating God’s miracles to them. The people believed Moses and Aaron, bowed their heads, and worshipped God.

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Exodus 5

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 5: 1 - 9

Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and told him that God said to release His people. Pharaoh refused, not knowing the One True God. Moses and Aaron then asked to be allowed to take the people into the wilderness for three days to worship God. Pharaoh said why waste three days of work. Instead, he made the decree that the Hebrews must gather their own straw to make bricks. The quota of bricks would not be lowered. This meant that the Israelites would have to work even harder.

 

Exodus 5: 10 - 14

The taskmasters went about enforcing Pharaoh’s new decree. The Israelites scattered throughout the land to gather straw, and were told that the quota of bricks would still be the same. The Israelite foremen were beaten when they didn’t meet the quota, and were asked why the quota had not been met.

 

Exodus 5: 15 - 21

The foremen appealed to Pharaoh, who told them their new system was due to the fact that they evidently had time on their hands to demand to go into the wilderness to worship God. The foremen went and informed the people, who turned on Moses and Aaron, choosing to complain about God’s plan for their freedom instead of praising and blessing Him.

This would be one of the reasons this generation was all killed in the wilderness wanderings. They refused to give up the slave mentality of being taken care of. They didn’t want to do hard labor, instead, they wanted to be taken care of hand and foot.

 

Exodus 5: 22 - 23

Moses showed a weakness of faith in God by questioning Him on His plan.

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Exodus 6

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 6:1

God told Moses to watch how He delivered the people. He would make it so that Pharaoh would not only let them go, he would drive them out.

 

Exodus 6:2-9

God told Moses to let the people know that Je remembered the covenant made with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. He didn't tell them His name, but now tells the Israelites His name, YHWH, and it is He who will deliver them from their slavery in Egypt. They will be His people, and He will be their God. He will bring them to the land promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The people didn’t listen because they were feeling sorry for themselves.

 

Exodus 6:10-13

God told Moses to go to Pharaoh and tell him to let the people of Israel go. Moses asked why would Pharaoh listen to him when the Israelites wouldn’t even listen. God told Moses and Aaron to bring the Israelites out of Egypt.

 

Exodus 6:14-25

Here we are shown the genealogy of Moses and Aaron.

 

Exodus 6:26-30

This is the Moses and Aaron who God told to lead the children of Israel out of Egypt, and who made the excuse read about earlier.

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Exodus 7

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 7: 1 - 7

God told Moses He had made him like a god to Pharaoh, and Aaron was to be like his prophet. He was to speak what God told Him to speak, and Aaron was to command that Pharaoh let the Israelites go. Pharaoh’s heart would be hardened, and although God would multiply His signs and wonders, he would not listen to them. God would then bring His people out of Egypt by the means of a great judgment upon the Egyptians. The Egyptians would know that He Is God when He stretched out His hand and brought the Israelites out of captivity. Moses and Aaron did everything God commanded them. Moses was 80, and Aaron was 83 when they spoke to Pharaoh.

 

Exodus 7: 8 - 13

God told Moses how they could use Aaron’s  staff to show a sign and wonder to Pharaoh. Aaron was to cast the staff down, and it would become a serpent. They did this, and Pharaoh summoned his court magicians, who did a parlor trick that matched God’s true miracle. Thus, Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, even though Aaron’s staff swallowed up theirs.

 

Exodus 7: 14 - 19

God then told Moses that Pharaoh’s heart had been hardened and he refuses to release the Israelites. Moses and Aaron were to go to the Nile the next morning and meet Pharoah. They were to carry the staff that had turned into a serpent with them. They were to remind Pharaoh that God commanded him to release the Israelites so that they could go into the desert to worship Him. He had yet to obey, so God was going to turn the Nile to blood. The fish would die, the water would stink, and the Egyptians would grow weary of the whole thing. God told Aaron to stretch his staff over the waters of Egypt. All of the water would turn to blood.

 

Exodus 7: 20 - 24

Moses and Aaron obeyed God. They did as God commanded, and all of the water in Egypt turned to blood. The fish in the Nile died, and it stank so bad that the Egyptians couldn’t drink from it. There was blood throughout the land of Egypt. The magicians of the court did the same thing through a cheap parlor trick, so Pharaoh’s heart remained hardened. Pharaoh ignored the entire thing. The Egyptians had to dig for water, because the water in the Nile was undrinkable.

 

Exodus 7: 25

This went on for a week.

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Exodus 8

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 8: 1 - 7

God then told Moses to go and tell Pharaoh to let the Israelites go into the wilderness to worship Him. If Pharaoh refused, God would strike the land with a plague of frogs. The Nile would swarm with frogs and they would come up into the houses of the Egyptians. Evidently, Pharaoh refused, because God told Aaron to lift his staff over the Nile, and the frogs came and covered the land. The magicians were able to produce a parlor trick that seemed to bring frogs, too.

 

Exodus 8: 8 - 15

Pharaoh pleaded with Moses and Aaron to ask God to remove the plague of frogs, and then he would let the Israelites go into the wilderness to worship. Moses asked when, and Pharaoh told him the next day. Moses then prayed for God to remove the frogs, and they were removed from everywhere except the Nile. The frogs died, and they were gathered into heaps and piles, where they began to stink. When Pharaoh saw the plague had ended, he refused to allow the Israelites to leave.

 

Exodus 8: 16 - 19

God then told Moses to tell Aaron to stretch out his hand over the dust, so that it would become a plague of gnats. Aaron obeyed, and there were gnats all over everything and everyone in Egypt. Pharaoh’s magicians could not replicate this one, and told Pharaoh that this plague could have only been caused by the finger of God. Pharaoh would not listen.

 

Exodus 8: 20 - 24

Moses and Aaron were to meet Pharaoh the next morning as he was at the Nile. They were to tell him to let the Israelites go, or a great plague of flies would come upon the land. This plague would not fall upon the Israelites in Goshen. This was so that the Egyptians would know that He is God. The next day, Egypt was swarmed over with flies, but Goshen was not.

 

Exodus 8: 25 - 32

Pharaoh called Moses and told him the Israelites could sacrifice, but only within the land of Egypt and not in the wilderness. Moses told him this was unacceptable. The Israelites must travel three days into the desert to worship because their sacrifices would be abominable to the Egyptians and they would be stoned by them. Pharaoh agreed to let them go, but not very far. Moses warned Pharaoh not to cheat on the deal, but he did. Pharaoh did not allow the Israelites to go this time, either.

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Exodus 9

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 9: 1 - 7

God then told Moses to return to Pharaoh and demand that the Israelites be released. If Pharaoh refused, the cattle of the Egyptians would suffer a severe plague. The cattle of the Israelites would be unaffected. This would occur the next day. This happened the next day. Not a single animal of the Israelites was affected, but the cattle of the Egyptians were.

 

Exodus 9: 8 - 12

God then told Moses to throw handfuls of soot into the air in the presence of Pharaoh. This would cause boils to break out on the Egyptians and their livestock. This happened. The magicians of Egypt couldn’t stand in the presence of Moses because of the boils. Pharaoh still refused to release the Israelites.

 

Exodus 9: 13 - 21

God told Moses to inform Pharaoh that the rest of the plagues would be upon him, his household, and his people. This was so he would know that there is no other like God in the universe. God let’s him know He could have simply wiped the Egyptians out of existence. However, it serves His purpose to do things the way He is doing them. The next day, hail would fall such as had never before been seen. Any man or beast caught out in the hailstorm would die.

Those who believed God, protected their livestock and servants. Those who did not, left them out in the hail.

 

Exodus 9: 22 - 26

Moses stretched out his hand, and God sent hail, thunder, and fire. Every Egyptian man and beast caught out in the storm was killed. Nothing at all happened to the Israelites in the land of Goshen.

 

Exodus 9: 27 - 35

Pharaoh asked Moses and Aaron to plead for mercy from God, because he had sinned. As soon as the hailstorm ended, Pharaoh hardened his heart again, and refused to allow the Israelites to leave.

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Exodus 10

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 10:1-2

God told Moses He had hardened Pharaoh's heart so Moses could tell the tale of how God dealt with him and about the signs He had done to the Egyptians.

 

Exodus 10: 3-6

Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and asked him how much longer he would refuse to humble himself before God. He was told to let Israel go to worship God. If he didn’t, the next day a plague of locusts would come and destroy what had been left after the hail and other plagues. This would be the greatest locust horde ever seen.

 

Exodus 10:7-11

Pharaohs advisers asked him how much longer he would remain stubborn. They told him the nation was ruined. They advised him to let the people go to worship God. Pharaoh called Moses and Aaron back, but he was only going to allow the men to go worship. This was unacceptable to God.

 

Exodus 10:12-20

God told Moses to stretch out his hand over the land. God brought a strong east wind which brought in the greatest horde of locusts that had been or ever will be seen. They destroyed everything that was left from the hail. Pharaoh repented and asked for forgiveness. Moses told God, who sent a strong west wind and drove every single locust into the Red Sea. Pharaoh again hardened his heart and refused to let the Israelites go.

 

Exodus 10:21-29

God told Moses to stretch out his hand over Egypt to bring on a darkness so thick it could be felt. Moses did this and there was pitch darkness in Egypt for three days. There was no darkness in Goshen, where the Israelites dwelt. Pharaoh called Moses and told him they could go worship, but must leave their flocks behind. Moses said the livestock must go, too. Pharaoh refused, and told Moses the next time he saw his face, Moses would die.

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Exodus 11

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 11:1-3

Got told Moses there was one final plague to be brought down upon Egypt. Then Pharaoh would drive them out of the land. They were to ask their neighbors for silver and gold. God have the people favor in the eyes of the Egyptians, and Moses was considered a great man by them.

 

Exodus 11:4-9

Moses told them that God said about midnight, He would go out in the midst of Egypt. Every firstborn would die, from the son of Pharaoh to the firstborn of a slave, including the first born of their animals. There would be a cry out of Egypt greater than had ever been heard or will ever be heard again. Not even a dog would growl against the Israelites because God had made a distinction between Israel and Egypt. Moses told Pharaoh all his servants would bow down to him and send the Israelites away. He then angrily left Pharaohs presence. God told Moses Pharaoh wouldn’t listen to him, and this was so that His wonders could be multiplied in Egypt.

 

Exodus 11:10

Moses and Aaron did all these things, but Pharaoh refused to let Israel go.

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Exodus 12

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 12:1-6

God told Moses that this month would now be the first month of the year for the Israelites. On the tenth day, every household was to take a lamb according to their father’s household, a lamb for every household. If a household was too small to have a lamb, they would get together with the nearest neighbor and share as needed. The lamb was to be an unblemished male one year old. It could be a sheep or a goat. It was to be kept until the fourteenth day of this month. On that day, everyone was to kill their lambs at twilight.

 

Exodus 12:7-13

They were to take some of the blood and put it in the two doorposts and the lintel in the house where they ate. They were to eat roasted flesh, unleavened bread, and bitter herbs that night. It wasn’t to be boiled or raw, it was to be roasted whole. None should be allowed to remain until morning. Any that did had to be burned. They were to eat it with their belts fastened, sandals on, and staff in hand. They were to eat it fast. This was to be the Passover. God would pass through Egypt that night and kill every firstborn man and beast. He would execute judgment on the gods of Egypt because He Is God. The blood was a sign. When He saw blood, He would pass over that house and not bring the plague upon them.

 

Exodus 12:14-20

This day was to be kept as a feast day to the LORD forever.  They would eat unleavened bread for seven days. On the first day all leaven must be done away with, because anyone eating leaven during the Passover was to be cut off from the house of Israel. On the first and seventh days, they were to hold a Holy assembly. No work was to be done on those days. They could only prepare meals for everyone on those days. They would observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread on this day, because this was a memorial of the day God brought them out of Egyptian slavery. It was to be observed throughout their generations forever. In the first month, from the morning of the fourteenth day to the evening of the  twenty-first day, they were to eat only unleavened bread. No leaven was to be found in their houses for seven days. Anyone eating leaven during this time was to be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether they be a sojourner or a native of the land. Only unleavened bread could be eaten during this seven day period.

 

Exodus 12:21-27

Moses called the elders together and told them pick their lambs and kill them for the Passover meal. They were to dip hyssop into the blood, and rub it over the doorposts and lintel. No one was to go outside until morning, because God was going to pass through and strike the Egyptians, but when He saw the blood, He would Passover their homes, not allowing the destroyer to enter and strike them down as well. This should be observed forever. They were to observe it when they came to the Promised Land. They were to explain to their children why this was observed. They were to tell them this was the LORD's Passover, because He passed over the houses of the Israelites but destroyed the Egyptians. The people bowed their heads and worshiped.

 

Exodus 12:28

The people then went and obeyed God's commands by doing what He had delivered through Moses and Aaron.

 

Exodus 12:29-32

At midnight, God struck down all the firstborn in Egypt, from Pharaoh's son to the prisoner in the dungeon, to the firstborn of all the animals. There was a great cry that night, because someone was dead in every house. Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and told them to take all their possessions and get out of Egypt. He also asked for a blessing from them.

 

Exodus 12:33-36

The Egyptians were rushing them to leave, because they thought everyone was going to be killed if they didn’t let the Israelites go. The Israelites took their bread before it was leavened, their kneading were bound up in their cloaks in their shoulders. They had also done as Moses told them by asking the Egyptians for silver, gold, and clothing. The Egyptians gave them this, and the Israelites plundered Egypt in this manner.

 

Exodus 12:37-39

The Israelites journeyed from Rameses to Succoth. There were about 600,000 men on foot, not counting women and children. A mixed multitude went up with them, along with a lot of livestock. They baked unleavened cakes of the dough they had brought with them, because the Egyptians hadn’t given them time to leaven it.

 

Exodus 12:40-42

Israel had lived in Egypt for 430 years. On the very day that made it 430, God brought them out of their slavery. It was a night of watching by God, and it was kept by the people to honor God in the next generations.

 

Exodus 12:43-49

God told Moses and Aaron some rules about the establishment of the Passover. No foreigners could eat of the Passover meal. Slaves could, after the Israelites had eaten, if that slave were circumcised. No foreigners or hired workers could eat of the meal. The meal for each household must be eaten in one house. Nothing could be taken from that house to another. No leftovers at the Passover memorial. The bones of the lamb must not be broken. All of the congregation of Israel must keep the Passover. If a stranger was sojourning with them and wanted to keep it, all the males of his house must first be circumcised. He can then eat the Passover meal and be treated as a native of their land. No uncircumcised person could eat of the Passover. There was one law for the native, and one law for the sojourner.

 

Exodus 12:50-51

The people obeyed God. On that very day, God brought them out of Egypt.

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Exodus 13

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 13:1-2

God told Moses to consecrate to Him all of the firstborn. Whether man or animal, whatever was firstborn belonged to God.

 

Exodus 13:3-10

Moses told the people to remember this day, when the strong hand of God brought them out of Egyptian slavery. No leavened bread was to be eaten. It was in the month of Abib, and they were going to the land promised to Abraham. When they got to that land flowing with milk and honey, they were to remember this day and celebrate it. They were to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread for the seven days commanded by God. They were to explain to their children this was kept because of what God had done for them, bringing them out of Egyptian slavery. It was to be a sign to them and a memorial so that the law of God could be put into their mouth. With a strong hand God delivered them from Egypt. This feast was to be kept at this same time every year.

 

Exodus 13:11-16

When they get to Canaan, all the firstborn males of the animals shall be God’s. Every firstborn of a donkey could be redeemed with a lamb, or if not, its neck must be broken. Every firstborn male child must be redeemed. When their sons were old enough to ask about this, they were to be told about the strong hand of God by which He brought them out of Egyptian slavery. They were to be told how God Killed the firstborn of the Egyptians, but spared the firstborn of Israel. Because of this, all firstborn male animals are sacrificed to God, with the exception of firstborn sons, who are redeemed.

 

Exodus 13:17-22

When Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them the short route by way of the lands of the Philistines. He didn’t want the people to experience war and perhaps give up and return to Egypt. Instead, He led them around the wilderness to the Red Sea. They went up out of Egypt equipped for battle. Moses took the bones of Joseph with them, because Joseph had made the people at his death bow to take them back to the Promised Land. They moved on from Succoth and camped at Etham, on the edge of the wilderness. God led them by day in a pillar of cloud, and by night in a pillar of fire. These did not depart from the people.

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Exodus 14

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 14:1-4

God told Moses to tell the people to set up camp in front of Pi-Hahiroth, between Migdol and the Red Sea, in front of Baal-Zephon. They were to encamp facing it, by the sea. Pharaoh will see this as an opportunity to attack them. This will give God the opportunity to completely destroy the Egyptian army in a way that will bring glory to Him and show His might and power to the world.

 

Exodus 14:5-9

Pharaoh did just as God knew he would. He took 600 chosen chariots along with all the rest of the Egyptian chariots and officers to pursue Israel. The Egyptians overtook the Israelites at their encampment by the Red Sea.

 

Exodus 14:10-14

The Israelites saw Pharaoh's army approaching and were afraid. They grumbled against Moses, asking if there were no graves in Egypt. Why had he brought them out here to die. They had a slave mentality. They would rather serve as slaves and be taken care of, than to be free men and have to take care of themselves. Moses told them not to fear. He told them to stand firm and watch the salvation of God, as He destroyed these Egyptians once and for all.

 

Exodus 14:15-18

God told Moses to lift his hand and stretch it out over the sea. The people were going to go through the sea on dry land. The Egyptians would pursue, but God would get glory over Egypt when that happened.

 

Exodus 14:19-20

The Angel of God who was going before Israel, moved between them and the Egyptians. It blocked the Egyptians but lit up the way for the Israelites.

 

Exodus 14:21-25

Moses stretched out his hand, and God drove the sea back with a strong east wind all night. The waters were divided and the ground was dry for the Israelites. They went in, the waters as a wall on both sides of them. The Egyptians pursued, down to the last chariot. In the morning, God, from the pillar, caused a great panic to hit the Egyptians. Their chariot wheels were clogged causing them to drive heavily. The Egyptians wanted to flee from Israel, because they finally recognized that God was fighting their battle for them.

 

Exodus 14:26-29

God told Moses to stretch his hand back against the sea, so the water would crash in on the Egyptians. Moses did this, and the Egyptian army was drowned. Israel walked through on dry land, but Egypt was drowned.

 

Exodus 14:30-31

God Saved Israel from Egypt on that day. The people saw the dead Egyptians on the seashore. They saw the great power of God, and they feared, believed, and obeyed Him.

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Exodus 15

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 15:1

Moses and the people sang a song to God.

 

Exodus 15:2-3

They sing to God because He has triumphed gloriously. He has thrown the horse and the rider into the sea. He is their strength, and Their salvation. He is their God, and they will praise Him. He is their ancestors God, and they will exalt Him. He is a man of war, YAHWEH is His name.

 

Exodus 15:4-10

God cast Pharaoh's chariots and men into the sea. They drowned in the depths like stones. The right hand of God shattered His enemies. He overthrows His adversaries in the greatness of His majesty. He sends out His fury, and it consumes them like stubble. At the blast of His nostrils, the sea parted. The enemy decided to pursue, so they could destroy Israel and divide the spoils of war. God blew with His wind, and the sea buried them.

 

Exodus 15:11-12

There is no god but YAHWEH. He stretched His hand against the Egyptians and they were swallowed.

 

Exodus 15:13-18

He led with His steadfast love the people He has redeemed. He guided them by His strength to His holy abode. The rest of the world has heard and tremble. Pangs have seized the Philistines. The chiefs of Edom are dismayed. The leaders of Moab tremble. The inhabitants of Canaan have melted away. Terror and dread fall upon them because of the mighty strength of God. That are still as a stone, until God’s people pass by. He will bring His chosen people to the Promised Land and reign forever and ever.

 

Exodus 15:19-21

When the Egyptians Entered the Red Sea, they were destroyed, but Israel passed through in dry land. Miriam the prophetess, sister of Moses and Aaron, took a tambourine in her hand and led all the women with their tambourines dancing and singing a song calling for them to sing to God because He has triumphed gloriously. The horse and its rider are thrown into the sea.

 

Exodus 15:22-25a

Moses made them leave the Red Sea. They travelled into the wilderness of Shur. They found no water. When they came to Marah, they couldn’t drink the water because it was bitter. This is why they named the place Marah. The people grumbled against Moses, asking what they would drink. Moses cried to God, Who showed him a log. Moses cast the log into the waters and they became sweet And drinkable.

 

Exodus 15:25b-26

God made a statute and a rule for them, testing them and telling them if they diligently listen to Him and obey Him, He will not put any of the diseases upon them that He had put on the Egyptians. He is God, Their healer.

 

Exodus 15:27

They came to Elim, where there were 12 springs of water and 70 palm trees. They encamped there by the water.

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Exodus 16

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 16:1-3

They left Elim, and came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai. They got here on the 15th day of the second month after leaving Egypt. The whole congregation grumbled against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness, saying they would have been better off to have been killed in Egypt, where they were full, instead of out here where they were hungry.

 

Exodus 16:4-8

God told Moses He was about to rain bread down from heaven for them to go out and gather a days portion every morning. This was a test to see if they would be obedient or not. On the sixth day, they were to gather a double portion. Moses and Aaron told the people that they would know it was YAHWEH who brought them out of Egypt. In the morning they would see the glory of God, who had heard their grumbling. When God have them meat to eat in the evening, and bread to eat in the morning, they will see. Their grumbling is against God, not Moses and Aaron.

 

Exodus 16:9-12

Moses told Aaron to tell the congregation to come near before God, because He had heard their grumbling. As soon as they heard this, they looked toward the wilderness and saw the glory of God as He appeared in a cloud. God told Moses He had heard the grumbling of the people. At twilight, He would provide them meat to eat, and at dawn He would provide them bread. Then they will know that He Is God.

 

Exodus 16:13-21

In the evening, quail came up and covered the camp. In the morning there was dew on the ground. When the dew dried, there was a fine, flake like thing on the ground, fine as frost on the ground. The people saw it and asked what it was. Moses told them it was the bread God had given to them to eat. They were to gather as much as they could eat. Each was to gather an Omer per person in their household. They did as they were commanded. Some gathered more, some less, but no one was lacking and no one was hungry. Moses told them not to leave any leftover til morning. They didn’t listen to Moses, and those that left some found it stinking and wormy. Moses was angry with them. They gathered it every morning, but when the sun grew got, it melted.

 

Exodus 16:22-26

On the sixth day, they gathered two omers per person. When the leaders of the congregation told Moses, he said this was what God wanted. The seventh day was a day of solemn rest for God, a Sabbath. They were to do all their cooking on the sixth day and eat leftovers on the seventh. They did what Moses said, and there was no worms or stench the next day. Moses told them to eat it on the seventh day, because there would be nothing in the fields that day. The seventh day was a Sabbath to God. Work six days, rest the seventh.

 

Exodus 16:27-30

On the seventh day, some of the people went out to gather bread, but found none. God asked Moses how long would these people refuse to obey Him. He told those who went out to remember the seventh was a Sabbath to God, and they were to rest.

 

Exodus 16:31-36

The Israelites called the stuff manna. It was white like a coriander seed, and tasted like honey wafers. Moses commanded them to take an Omer as a memorial to show their descendants what they ate in the wilderness. They ate manna for 40 years, until they finally made it to Canaan. We are told that an Omer is the tenth part of an ephah.

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Exodus 17

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 17:1-7

The congregation moved in from the wilderness of Sin in stages as commanded by God. They camped at Rephidim, but there was no water for them to drink. The people quarreled with Moses, demanding he give them water. Moses asked why they quarreled with him, and why did they continue to test God. They thirsted for water, and asked Moses why he had brought them out of Egypt so they could die of thirst in this wilderness. Moses cried to God, asking what to do, because the people were ready to stone him. God told Moses to pass through the people with the elders and the staff he used to strike the Nile. He was told to strike the rock, and water would come from it for them to drink. Moses did this, and they named the place Meribah.

 

Exodus 17:8-13

The Amalekites came and fought with Israel at Rephidim. Moses had Joshua choose men to go into battle. Moses would stand on the hill with the staff of God. Joshua did this, and his army fought the Amalekites while Moses, Aaron, and Hur stood in the hill. Whenever Moses held up his hand, Israel prevailed. When Moses dropped his hand, Amalek prevailed. Moses hands grew tired, so Aaron and Hur propped them up as Moses sat on a stone. His hands were steady, and Joshua won the battle.

 

Exodus 17:14-16

God told Moses to write this as a memorial and read it to Joshua. He would totally wipe the Amalekites from existence. Moses built an altar and called it The Lord is My Banner. This was because God would war with Amalek from generation to generation.

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Exodus 18

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 18:1-9

Jethro, the priest of Midian and father in law of Moses, had heard everything that God had done for Israel. Jethro had taken in Zipporah, Gersham, and Eliezer, who were Moses wife and sons, after he had sent them away from Egypt. Jethro came to the Israelites camp with Moses wife and sons. When Jethro sent word to Moses about his arrival, Moses met him and greeted him. They asked how each had been and went into the tent to talk. Moses told Jethro the entire story of the exodus from Egyptian slavery. Jethro rejoiced because of what God had done for Israel.

 

Exodus 18:10-12

Jethro blessed God, who had delivered Moses and the Israelites from Pharaoh and the Egyptians. He now knows that YHWH is greater than all gods. Jethro brought a sacrifice to God. Aaron came with the elders to eat bread with Moses and Jethro.

 

Exodus 18:13-23

The next day, Moses sat to judge the people, and this was an all day affair. When Jethro saw this, he was concerned that Moses was doing this all day long. Moses told him this was how disputes were settled. Jethro told him this was not good, because he was going to wear himself out. Jethro advised Moses to continue being the one who went between God and the people, telling the people God's statutes and laws. However, Moses should find able bodied men who were honest and trustworthy to handle the day to day problems and disputes that arose. Great matters should be brought to Moses, but the small things could be handled by these men.

 

Exodus 18:24-27

Moses listened and needed the advice of Jethro. He chose able bodied, honest men to be judges. They were placed in different ranks, over thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens. These judged the people at all times. The hard cases were brought to Moses, but they were able to decide the small matters. Jethro then left and returned to Midian.

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Exodus 19

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 19:1-6

Israel came to the wilderness of Sinai on the third new moon after they had left Egypt. They came here from Rephidim and camped before the mountain while Moses went up to God. God called to Moses from the mountain and told him to tell Israel that they had seen what He had done to Egypt, and how He had bore them on eagles wings and brought them to Him. Now, if they will obey Him and keep His covenant, they will become His treasured possession among all peoples because all the Earth is His. They would be His kingdom of priests and a holy nation. Moses was to speak this to the people.

 

Exodus 19:7-9a

Moses called them together and told them what God had said. The people answered by saying they would do these things. Moses reported this response to God, who told Moses He was coming in a cloud so that the people could hear Him and believe.

 

Exodus 19:9b-15

While Moses told the people this, God told him to consecrate the people for two days. They were to wash their garments and be ready on the third day. On the third day, God would come down to Mt. Sinai to be seen by the people. They were to stay away from the mountain and not touch it. Whoever touched the mountain would die. Whoever or whatever touched someone who had died from touching the mountain was to be be stoned or shot. When the trumpet sounds a long blast, they were to approach the mountain. Moses went down and consecrated the people for two days. They washed their garments and Moses warned them to stay away from women.

 

Exodus 19:16-20

On the morning of the third day, there was thunder, lightning, and smoke on the mountain when a great trumpet blast rang out. The people in the camp trembled at this. Moses brought them out of the camp to meet God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain. Mt. Sinai was covered in smoke, because God had descended on it in fire. The smoke went up like smoke from a kiln, and the mountain trembled. The sound of the trumpet grew louder and louder. Moses spoke, and God answered him in thunder. God came down to the top of Mt. Sinai and called Moses up. Moses went up.

 

Exodus 19:21-25

God told Moses to warn the people not to break through and try to look, or they would die. The priests who come near must be consecrated, or God will break out against them. Moses told God the people would obey the limits that had been set the previous day. God told Moses to go and bring Aaron back, but warn the people to stay away from the mountain. Moses did what God told him to do.

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Exodus 20

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 20:1

God spoke these words to Moses.

 

Exodus 20:2-6

He Is the Lord their God, who brought them out of slavery in Egypt. They were to have no other gods before Him. They were not to make images of things that could be worshiped as gods. The were not to worship anything in the universe BUT God. He is a jealous God, visiting iniquity in those who hate Him for generations, but showering those who love and obey Him with many blessings. This one was reauthorized in the New Testament.

 

Exodus 20:7

Do not take the name of God in vain. This means don't use His name in meaningless ways or statements. This one was reauthorized in the New Testament.

 

Exodus 20:8-11

They were to remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy. It was to be a day separate from the other six. In six days God created the universe and He related in the Seventh. They should do the same. Everyone in their house, whether family or sojourners, were to do this. This is the only one not reauthorized in the New Testament.

 

Exodus 20:12

Honor our parents. This means to show them kindness and give them aid when they need it, because they did this for us when we were young.

 

Exodus 20:13

Do not commit murder. Murder is the knowing, premeditated taking of another human life. Abortion is murder. This one was reauthorized by the New Testament.

 

Exodus 20:14

Do not commit adultery. This is having unlawful sexual relations with the spouse of another person. This one is reauthorized in the New Testament.

 

Exodus 20:15

Do not steal. Don’t take things that do not belong to you. This one is reauthorized in the New Testament.

 

Exodus 20:16

Don’t bear false witness against your neighbor. Don’t lie. Be honest and truthful. This one is reauthorized in the New Testament.

 

Exodus 20:17

Don’t covet. To covet is to desire to have things you cannot have. Things such as your neighbors house, wife, servants, or livestock. This one is reauthorized in the New Testament. In fact, covetousness is shown to be idolatry.

Colossians 3:5

 

Exodus 20:18-21

When the people saw the smoke and lightning, and heard the thundering and the trumpet, they were afraid. Trembling, they told Moses speak to them and they would listen, but if God spoke to them, they might die. Moses told them not to fear God. God had come to test them, so that they might fear Him and not sin. The people stood far off, while Moses drew near to the mountain.

 

Exodus 20:22-26

God told Moses to tell the people that they had seen Him and heard Him speaking to them from heaven. They were not to make gods of silver and gold. They were to make an altar of earth and sacrifice their burnt offerings and peace offerings of sheep and oxen. He will bless them everywhere this is done. If they do make an altar of stone, the stones cannot be cut, because this profaned it. They were not to go up by steps to the altar, because it would expose their nakedness.

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Exodus 21

By: Jim Crews

 

We study these parts of the Law to see if we can glean anything from for an example of how to live.

 

Exodus 21:1-6

These were the rules Moses was to set before Israel. When they bought a Hebrew slave, they could only keep him for six years. They had to free this person on the seventh year and they couldn’t seek any gain from the release. If he comes in single, he goes out single. If he comes in married, his wife goes out with him. If he got married while a slave, he goes out alone, and the wife and children remain the property of the owner. If the slave doesn’t wish to go free, the master is to take him to God, bring him to the door or doorpost, and bore a hole in his ear with an awl, signifying he will be a slave forever.

 

Exodus 21:7-11

When a man sold his daughter as a slave, she would not be like a male slave. If the person who bought her is not pleased with her, she can be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreign people since he broke faith with her. If he gives her to his son for a wife, he shall treat her like a daughter. If he takes another wife, he can’t cut the first one back from what she was getting. If he does, she is to be freed, and he hugest nothing for her.

 

Exodus 21:12-14

Someone who hit a man and killed him was to be executed. If it was accidental, there would be a sanctuary city for him to flee to. If it was premeditated, the man is to be put to death.

 

Exodus 21:15

Whoever hit his parents was to be executed.

 

Exodus 21:16

Slavers are to be executed. This is people who kidnap people and sell them into slavery. Those who buy these kidnapped folks as their slaves are also to be executed.

 

Exodus 21:17

Whoever curses his parents was to be executed.

 

Exodus 21:18-19

When men quarrel and one is injured, if he recovers, the first man is only responsible for the loss of time and medical expenses.

 

Exodus 21:20-21

When a man struck his slave with a rod, and that slave died, he or she was to be avenged. If the slave survived a day or two, no revenge was needed because the slave was that man’s money.

 

Exodus 21:22-25

When men fight and hit a pregnant woman, inducing labor, if the child is born unharmed, the husband can impose a fine on the men. If there is harm, they should repay life for life, eye for eye, hand for hand, tooth for tooth, burn for burn, wound for wound, stripe for stripe.

 

Exodus 21:26-27

If a man hits a slave and causes any bodily damage such as a lost eye or a lost tooth, he must give that slave his or her freedom.

 

Exodus 21:28-32

When an ox gores a man to death, the ox should be stoned but the meat not eaten. It’s owner is not liable. However, if that ox has been known to gore in the past, the owner has been duly warned about this, but hasn’t kept it in, then the owner and the ox are to be executed if that ox kills. The owner can buy his life for a ransom imposed by those related to the victim. These rules apply unless the ox gores a slave. Then the owner of the ox must repay the slave owner 30 shekels of silver and the ox stoned.

 

Exodus 21:33-34

When a man digs a pit and leaves it uncovered, and another man’s livestock falls in, he must pay restitution for the animal, which now belongs to him.

 

Exodus 21:35-36

When one man’s ox butts another’s ox and kills it, they are to sell the live one and split the money. They are also to split the dead one. However, if the owner knows his ox has gored in the past and hasn’t kept it locked in, they trade ox for ox.

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Exodus 22

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 22:1-4

If a man stole an ox or a sheep and killed or sold them, he was to repay five oxen for one ox, and four sheep for one sheep. If a thief is killed while breaking in, there is no guilt by the one who killed him. Now, if they hunted him down the next day and killed him, they are guilty and must pay. Thieves who cannot repay their theft were to be sold into slavery. However, if the stolen animal is found alive in his possession, he has to pay back double.

 

Exodus 22:5

If a man causes a field to be grazed over, or if his animals get into another person's field and eat all his grass, the offender must pay restitution from the best of his field or his vineyard.

 

Exodus 22:6

If a fire gets out and destroys stored grain, the one who started the fire must make full restitution.

 

Exodus 22:7-9

If a man gives his neighbor money or goods to keep safe, and they are stolen, if the thief is found, he must pay double. If the thief is not found, the owner must come near to God so that it can be determined whether he had anything to do with the theft. All cases like this come before God, and He decides. The loser must pay double to winner of the case.

 

Exodus 22:10-13

If a man gives his neighbor an animal to watch and keep for him, and that animal dies, is injured or driven away, and there were no witnesses, an oath by the Lord will be between the men to determine if the one had wronged the other. The owner shall accept the oath and no restitution is owed. However, if the animal is stolen, restitution must be made. If it is killed and torn by beasts, the body must be brought as evidence, and no restitution is owed.

 

Exodus 22:14-15

If a man borrows anything and is killed by it while the owner is not with him, restitution is owed. If the owner was with it, no restitution is owed. If it was hired, it came with the hiring fee.

 

Exodus 22:16-17

If a man seduces and has sexual relations with a virgin who is not betrothed, he shall give the bride price for her and marry her. If the father refuses to give her to him as wife, the seducer must pay money equal to the bride price for virgins.

 

Exodus 22:18

A sorceress should be executed. This was those who dealt in the occult, astrology, mediums, and makers and sellers of drugs.

 

Exodus 22:19

Anyone who had sexual relations with an animal was to be executed.

 

Exodus 22:20

Anyone who sacrificed to idols was to be devoted to destruction.

 

Exodus 22:21-24

Don’t do wrong to or oppress sojourners, because they were sojourners themselves in Egypt. Don’t mistreat widows or fatherless children. If they did mistreat them, their cries would be heard by God, who would make their wife a widow and their children fatherless.

 

Exodus 22:25-27

They could not charge interest on loaned money. If your neighbor gives you his cloak for collateral, return it to him before night, so he can keep warm. God will hear his cries, because God is compassionate.

 

Exodus 22:28

Don’t revile God or curse a ruler of your people.

 

Exodus 22:29-30

Don’t delay to make an offering from the best of your crops. The firstborn of all their animals were to be sacrificed on the eighth day of its life.

 

Exodus 22:31

They were to be consecrated to God, therefore, they were not to eat the meat of any animal killed by beasts in the field. That was to be fed to their dogs.

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Exodus 23

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 23: 1 - 3

Here is another warning to remain honest by not being a false witness against anyone. Don’t work together with the majority to denigrate the minority dishonestly. Don’t pervert justice by being dishonest. Don’t show partiality in your testimony. Stick to the facts.

 

Exodus 23: 4 - 5

If you see your enemy has lost something, take it back to him. In this case, the example is his ox. This is a precursor to Jesus telling us to love our enemy and pray for them.

 

Exodus 23: 6 - 8

Don’t pervert justice just because the one involved in a lawsuit is poor. Stick to the facts and remain honest. Don’t kill the innocent or righteous, because God will not acquit the wicked. The wicked may escape justice here, but won’t in eternity. Don’t take bribes.

 

Exodus 23: 9

Don’t oppress a sojourner, because they were sojourners and oppressed by the Egyptians. They were to remember this, and treat sojourners among them better than the Egyptians treated them.

 

Exodus 23: 10 - 11

The could work their fields for six years, but on the seventh year they were to leave their fields fallow, so the land could rest and the poor could eat. What the poor leave, the animals can eat. Do the same with vineyards and orchards.

 

Exodus 23: 12

Work for six days, rest on the seventh. This is still good advice, even though we are not under this law in this age.

 

Exodus 23: 13

Pay attention to what God has said, and don’t even mention the name of idols.

 

Exodus 23: 14 - 17

Here God establishes the three feast days that the Jews were to keep. First was the Feast of Unleavened Bread. This was to be done as described earlier. Second was the Feast of Harvests for the firstfruits of their labor. The third was the Feast of Ingathering, done at the end of the year when they gathered the fruits of their labors. Three times a year, all the males had to appear before God.

 

Exodus 23: 18

They were not to offer blood sacrifices with anything containing leaven. The fat of the sacrifice could not be allowed to remain until morning.

 

Exodus 23: 19

The best of the firstfruits of their fields were to be brought to God. They were not to boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.

 

Exodus 23: 20 - 21

God is sending an angel before them to guard them along their journey to the Promised Land. They are instructed to pay careful attention to him and obey what he says. They are told not to rebel against this angel, because he would not pardon their transgression.

 

Exodus 23: 22

If they carefully obey the voice of this angel, God will be with them and their enemies will be His enemies.

 

Exodus 23: 23 - 33

When this angel leads them to the Promised Land, they are not to start worshipping the idols of the people already there. They are to throw down the idols and destroy their places of worship. They will serve God, and He will bless them in all their endeavors and in their daily lives.

God will fight their enemies for them. He will send terror out in front of them so that their enemies will be frightened before the Israelites even show up. God was going to drive their enemies out of the land little by little, so that the land wouldn’t be desolated. Their border would be from the Red Sea to the Sea of the Philistines which was the Mediterranean. It would stretch from the wilderness to the Euphrates. They were to drive out all the inhabitants and take this land for themselves. They were not to make treaties with these people or with their idols. These people were not to be allowed to live in the land, because they would entice the Israelites to sin by leading them to serve their idols.

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Exodus 24

By: Jim Crews

 

Exodus 24: 1 - 2

God then told Moses to come, along with Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and seventy elders to worship Him from afar. Moses alone could go near to God, the others must remain away.

 

Exodus 24: 3 - 8

Moses came and told the people the rules set forth by God. The people said that they would obey. Moses wrote down all the word from God. He rose early one morning and built an altar at the foot of the mountain. It had 12 pillars, one for each tribe of Israel. He sent young men to burn sacrifices and offer peace offerings of oxen to God. Moses took half the blood and threw it on the altar, the other half remained in the basin. He took the Book of the Covenant and read it to the people. They all agreed that they would obey God. Moses took the book and threw it on the people, proclaiming the blood of the covenant God had made with them.

 

Exodus 24: 9 - 11

Moses, Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and seventy elders then went up to the mountain and saw God. Under His feet was pavement that resembled sapphire and was extremely clear. He did not touch the men. They beheld God, then had a meal.

 

Exodus 24: 12 - 14

God then told Moses to go up on the mountain and wait. He would give Moses tablets of stone with the Law and Commandments He had made for Israel’s instruction. Moses rose with Joshua. Moses went up into the mountain. He instructed the elders to wait for his return. Aaron and Hur would be in the camp to handle any disputes.

 

Exodus 24: 15 - 18

Moses then went upon the mountain and a cloud covered it. The glory of God dwelt on Mt. Sinai, and covered it for six days. On the seventh day, He called Moses out of the midst of the cloud. The appearance of God, as seen by the people, was like a devouring fire on the top of the mountain. Moses entered the cloud and went up into the mountain, remaining there for forty days and forty nights.

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Exodus 25

By: Jim Crews

 

We study the Mosaic Law in order to see the precursors to the New Testament church.

 

Exodus 25: 1 - 9

God told Moses that the people were to take a contribution. This was to come from every man whose heart moved him to make it. The items to be contributed are listed, each with the function it would serve. God also commanded them to build a sanctuary so He could dwell with them. This tabernacle was to be built exactly to the specifications that would be revealed to them by God.

 

Exodus 25: 10 - 16

God commanded them to make an ark of achaia wood. God revealed exact specifications for making the ark. The testimony God gave to them, the Law, was to be put into the ark.

 

Exodus 25: 17 - 22

They were commanded to make a mercy seat of pure gold. It was to have two cherubim of pure gold on each end. They were to be made with their wings spread out above, overshadowing the mercy seat. They were to be made facing each other and the mercy seat.

The mercy seat was to be placed on top of the ark of the testimony. This is where God would meet with them and speak to them.

 

Exodus 25: 23 - 30

They were commanded to make a table of achaia wood. The exact details and specifications for the table were revealed to them by God. The bread of the Presence was to be placed on this table before God regularly.

 

Exodus 25: 31 - 40

They were commanded to make a lampstand of pure gold. God once again reveals the exact specifications. It was to have six branches, three on each side. There was also one in the middle coming off the main stem. They were to make seven lamps for the lampstand, to be set up to give light in front of it. All of these things were to be made according to the exact pattern revealed to them by God.